Personalised learning can be as practical as a teacher noticing a misunderstanding and changing the next task. Students may share a learning goal while needing different explanations, amounts of practice or feedback to reach it.
The Australian Education Research Organisation describes formative assessment as gathering information during learning and using it to adjust teaching. A short question, worked example or discussion can reveal more than waiting for the end-of-topic test.
Feedback needs to tell the student what to do next. For families, useful questions include what their child is working towards, how progress is checked and what support is being adjusted. The aim is a clearer next step, not a separate worksheet for its own sake.